Keragaman Genetik Hiu Barong (Rhina ancylostoma) dan Potensi Kepunahannya di Indonesia : Review berdasarkan gen COI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/biogenerasi.v6i2.1299Keywords:
Hiu, Bowmouth Guitarfish, haplotipe, ikan dilindungiAbstract
Rhina ancylostoma (Bowmouth Guitarfish) yang dikenal dengan nama lokal Hiu Barong, Pari Barong, dan Pari Kupu-Kupu di Indonesia ini dinilau sebagai spesies yang terancam punah pada IUCN dan dilindungi pada appendiks II CITES. Ikan ini memiliki sebaran yang luas dari Afrika hingga Australia, termasuk Indonesia. Hubungan antar populasi spesies ini yang terpisah pada wilayah pengelolaan perikanan (WPP) berbeda berpotensi memunculkan variasi genetik. Kajian ini melakukan analisa kekerabatan genetik berdasarkan sekuen gen COI. Sekuen R. ancylostoma dari Pulau Bangka, Jawa, Bali, dan pembanding dari India dan Papua New Guinea diperoleh dari data sekunder pada publikasi, NCBI, dan BOLDSystem. R. ancylostoma dari Indonesia memiliki keragaman haplotipe rendah pada satu haplotipe yang sama dan memiliki jarak genetik 1,24% dengan India dan 0,16% dengan Papua New Guinea. Kesamaan haplotipe dimungkinkan akibat daya migrasi ikan yang luas sehingga terjadi aliran gen antar populasi di wilayah perairan yang berbeda. Keragaman genetik R. ancylostoma yang rendah berpotensi untuk kepunahan ikan, sehingga perlu diatur perlindungannya di Indonesia sebagaimana penilaian CITES dan IUCN.
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Azri, A., Taha, H., and Arai, T. 2020. Molecular And Morphological Evidence For The Identity Of The Blackspot Shark, Carcharhinus Sealei, And The Indonesian Whaler Shark, C. Tjutjot, With Notes On Their Population Structures. Environmental Biology Of Fishes, 103(11), 1453-1461.
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GBIF Secretariat. 2021. Rhina ancylostoma Bloch & Schneider, 1801. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei [14 Juli 2021].
Hadi, S., Andayani, N., Muttaqin, E., Simeon, B. M., Ichsan, M., Subhan, B., and Madduppa, H. 2020. Genetic connectivity of the scalloped hammerhead shark Sphyrna lewini across Indonesia and the Western Indian Ocean. PloS one, 15(10), e0230763.
Hartoko, A., Pringgenies, D., Anggelina, A. C., and Matsuishi, T. (2020). Morphology and Molecular Biology of Benthic Java Sea Shark Ray Rhina ancylostoma Bloch and Scheider 1801 (Elasmobranchia: Rhinidae). Annual Research & Review in Biology, 19-31.
Hidayat, E. H., Alkadrie, S. I. T., Getreda, G., dan Sabri, M. 2019. Keragaman Jenis Ikan Hiu Dan Pari Di Perairan Kalimantan Barat. Prosiding Pusat Riset Perikanan, 1(1), 89-95.
Ilham, I., dan Marasabessy, I. 2021. Identifikasi Jenis dan Status Konservasi Ikan Pari yang Diperdagangkan Keluar Kota Sorong pada Loka Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Laut Sorong. Jurnal Riset Perikanan dan Kelautan, 3(1), 290-302.
Kurniawan, A., Fajar, M., Apriliazmi, I., dan Nugraha, A. 2014. Identifikasi Status Konservasi Hiu Tangkapan Samping di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Pulau Bangka dan Belitung. Prosiding Simposium Pengelolaan Perikanan Tuna Berkelanjutan.
Kurniawan, A., Hariati, A. M., Kurniawan, A., dan Wiadnya, D. G. R. 2021. First genetic record and the phylogenetic relationship of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) originating from Bangka and Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 22(2).
Kurniawan, W., Oktaviyani, S., Simeon, B. M., Ula, S., Yuwandana, D. P., Yuneni, R. R., and Chodrijah, U. 2021. Population Status of Two Wedgefish Species in Western Indonesian Inner Waters, Inferred from Demographic Models with Limited Data. Journal of Ichthyology, 61(3), 433-451.
Kyne, P.M., Rigby, C.L., Dharmadi, and Jabado, R.W. 2019. Rhina ancylostoma. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T41848A124421912. [14 Juli 2021].
Rozas J, Ferrer-Mata A, Sánchez-DelBarrio JC, Guirao-Rico S, LibradoP, Ramos-Onsins SE, Sánchez-Gracia1 A. 2017. DnaSP v6: DNA sequence polymorphism analysis of large datasets. Mol Biol Evol. 34:3299-3302.
Toha, A.H.A., Dailami, M., Anwar, S., Setiawan, J.B., Jentewo, Y., Lapadi, I., and Madduppa, H. 2020. The genetic relationships and Indo-Pacific connectivity of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) with particular reference to mitochondrial COI gene sequences from Cendrawasih Bay, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(5).
White WT, Last PR, Stevens JD, Yearsley GK, Fahmi, and Dharmadi. 2006. Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Yuwandana, D. P., Agustina, S., Haqqi, M. B., and Simeon, B. M. 2020. Studi awal perikanan pari kekeh (Rhynchobatus sp.) dan pari kikir (Glaucostegus sp.) di Perairan Utara Jawa Tengah. Akuatika Indonesia, 5(1), 1-6.
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Published
2021-09-02
How to Cite
kurniawan, ardiansyah, & Triswiyana, I. (2021). Keragaman Genetik Hiu Barong (Rhina ancylostoma) dan Potensi Kepunahannya di Indonesia : Review berdasarkan gen COI. Jurnal Biogenerasi, 6(2), 109–115. https://doi.org/10.30605/biogenerasi.v6i2.1299
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