Respons Fisiologis Pertumbuhan Tiga Genotip Jawawut (Setaria Italica L. Beauv) Terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan Di Lahan Kering Inceptisol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/biogenerasi.v8i2.2342Keywords:
Jawawut, Genotip, Kapasitas Lapang, Cekaman KekeringanAbstract
Jawawut (Setaria italica L. Beauv) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman biji-bijian yang belum dikenal luas oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Pengembangan jawawut perlu dilakukan untuk menunjang ketahanan pangan masyarakat sekaligus mencegah masalah gizi.. Salah satu kelebihan dari tanaman ini adalah kemampuan beradaptasi pada kondisi lingkungan yang beriklim kering atau memiliki kemampuan toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan genotip jawawut yang memberikan pengaruh paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan jawawut pada tingkat pemberian air di lahan kering. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2017 pada Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor petak utama terdiri atas tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu genotip 44, 46, dan 48. Faktor anak petak terdiri atas tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu 75% kapasitas lapang, 50% kapasitas lapang dan 25% kapasitas lapang. Variabel pengamatan yaitu komponen pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan maksimum, nisbah pupus akar dan bukaan stomata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh interaksi genotip dan perlakuan kapasitas lapang terhadap tinggi tanaman dan bukaan stomata Pada komponen pertumbuhan respons terbaik diberikan oleh genotip 44 yang diberi perlakuan 75% KL terhadap tinggi tanaman (140,53 cm). Genotip 48 yang diberi perlakuan 75% KL memberikan respons terbaik terhadap jumlah anakan maksimum (12,67 anakan). Genotip 46 yang diberi perlakuan 50% KL memberikan respons terbaik terhadap nisbah pupus akar (7,46) dan konduktansi stomata (136.95) pada perlakuan 75%.
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