ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI SPLDV BERDASARKAN TEORI POLYA
https://doi.org/10.30605/pedagogy.v10i4.7205
Keywords:
Kata kunci: analisis kesalahan, pemecahan masalah matematis, SPLDV, teori Polya.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV) berdasarkan langkah-langkah Polya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek 15 siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 27 Medan, dimana tiga siswa dipilih mewakili kategori kemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Data diperoleh melalui tes uraian dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa berkemampuan tinggi mampu mengikuti seluruh tahapan Polya dengan baik, siswa berkemampuan sedang mengalami kesalahan dalam menyusun model matematika, sedangkan siswa berkemampuan rendah tidak mampu menyelesaikan soal karena belum memahami konsep SPLDV. Kesalahan terbanyak terjadi pada tahap perencanaan dan pelaksanaan penyelesaian. Penerapan langkah Polya terbukti membantu mengidentifikasi kesalahan siswa secara sistematis serta memberikan dasar bagi guru untuk memperbaiki strategi pembelajaran pemecahan masalah matematis.
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