Karakteristik Morfologi Durian (Durio zibethinus) Lokal Malamban dan Manonto di Desa Malimbu Kecamatan Sabbang Kabupaten Luwu Utara
Morphological Characteristics of Malamban and Manonto Durian (Durio zibethinus) Local in Malimbu Village, Sabbang District, Luwu Utara Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v11i1.2238Keywords:
karakteristik, morfologi, durian lokal, malamban, manontoAbstract
Keanekaragaman tanaman durian dapat menyebabkan sulitnya membedakan ciri morfologi antar kultivar. Salah satu tahapan yang dilakukan adalah kegiatan karakterisasi, yang menggunakan informasi morfologi untuk mengungkap persamaan dan perbedaan antar tanaman berdasarkan ciri morfologinya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfologi durian lokal malamban dan durian lokal manonto di Desa Malimbu Kecamatan Sabbang Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Metode pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan dengan cara survey. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu durian lokal malamban dan durian manonto dimana diambil masing-masing tiga pohon durian. Sampel durian yang digunakan adalah yang sudah matang secara fisiologis. Cara penyajian data dilakukan secara dekskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Parameter pengamatan pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan survey karakteristik morfologi pada daun, batang, buah dan biji. Morfologi batang antara durian lokal manonto dan malamban memiliki kemiripan pada tinggi tanaman, bentuk tajuk, arah percabangan dan bentuk batang, tetapi memiliki perbedaan pada warna kulit dan tekstur kulit pada permukaan batang. Morfologi daun, memiliki kemiripan pada bentuk daun, tepi, lebar, bentuk ujung dan bentuk pangkal daun, tetapi memiliki perbedaan pada panjang, warna, panjang tangkai dan jarak antar daun. Morfologi buah memiliki kemiripan pada warna kulit, warna daging, tebal daging, bentuk ujung buah, duri pada saat akhir buah, duri buah pada pangkal dan jumlah juring, tetapi berbeda pada bentuk buah, panjang buah, diameter buah, bobot buah, duri buah, panjang tangkai, bentuk pangkal dan waktu berbuah. Morfologi biji memiliki kemiripan pada bentuk, panjang dan diameter biji tetapi memiliki perbedaan pada jumlah biji/juring dan hasil/pohon.
The diversity of durian plants can cause morphological characters between varieties to be difficult to distinguish. One of the steps taken is characterization activities using morphological information to show the similarities and differences of plants based on their morphological characteristics. The aim of the study was to determine the morphological characteristics of the local Malamban durian and the local Manonto durian in Malimbu Village, Sabbang District, North Luwu Regency. The research implementation method was carried out by means of a survey. The samples used were the local Malamban and Manonto durian which were taken from 3 durian trees each. The durian samples used were physiologically ripe and the way the data was presented was descriptive quantitative and qualitative. Parameters observed in this study were carried out by surveying the morphological characteristics of leaves, stems, fruits and seeds. The stem morphology between the local durians Manonto and Malamban has similarities in plant height, crown shape, branching direction and stem shape, but there are differences in skin color and skin texture on the stem surface. For leaf morphology, they have similarities in leaf shape, edge, width, tip shape and leaf base shape, but have differences in length, color, stalk length and distance between leaves. The morphology of the fruit is similar in skin color, flesh color, flesh thickness, fruit tip shape, thorns at the end of the fruit, fruit spines at the base and number of crossbones, but differs in fruit shape, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit spines, stalk length, base shape and fruiting time. Seed morphology has similarities in shape, length and diameter of seeds but has differences in the number of seeds/slice and yield/tree.
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