Karakteristik Habitat dan Produksi Berbagai Aksesi Sagu di Tana Luwu Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan

Habitat Characteristics and Production of Various Sago Accessions in Tana Luwu South Sulawesi Province

Authors

  • Masluki Masluki Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo
  • Mochamad Hasjim Bintoro Institut Pertanian Bogor
  • Sudarsono Sudarsono Institut Pertanian Bogor
  • Herdhata Agusta Institut Pertanian Bogor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v11i2.2754

Keywords:

aksesi, habitat, produksi, sagu, Tana Luwu

Abstract

Sagu merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil pangan yang potensial dimasa yang akan datang jika dikelola dengan baik. Pada kondisi alami   sagu tumbuh menyebar pada berbagai ekosistem yang luas. Sagu memiliki daya adaptasi yang kuat dikarenakan dapat tumbuh pada lahan bercekaman tinggi bagi tumbuhan lain. Tanaman sagu menyebar luas mulai dari Kawasan pesisir, rawa mineral, Daerah Aliran Sungai, dataran menengah hingga dataran tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik habitat berbagai aksesi sagu dan korelasinya terhadap produksi. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi lapang dan pengujian dilaboratorium dengan analisis data kadar lengas dengan metode gravimetri, volume dengan metode ring sampel, berat jenis dengan prinsip hukum Archimedes, tekstur tanah  dengan metode pipet serta analisis kimia tanah dengan pengujian di laboratorium. Koefisien korelasi menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson untuk melihat hubungan antara kualitas tanah dengan dengan produksi sagu dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 26. Metode pengamatan hidrologi dengan mengukur tinggi muka air tanah dengan penggalian minipit dan tinggi genangan air pada daerah yang tergenang. Tipe habitat tumbuhan sagu di Tana Luwu sangat beragam ditemukan pada kondisi lahan pesisir, rawa mineral, daerah aliran sungai, dataran menengah hingga 1000 mpdl.   Rata-rata produksi terendah yaitu 181.52 kg pati kering pohon-1 terdapat pada lokasi sampel rawa pesisir dengan lama genangan 3-6 bulan dengan ketinggian 10-80 cm diatas permukaan tanah saat musim hujan dan 0-40 cm dibawah permukaan tanah saat musim kemarau. Rawa pesisir tersebut dapat dikategorikan memiliki kelas hidrologi agak baik. Aksesi sagu menyebar tidak merata pada berbagai lingkungan tumbuhnya.

Sago is one of the potential food-producing plants in the future if managed properly. Under natural conditions sago grows spread over a wide range of ecosystems. Sago has strong adaptability because it can grow in high stress areas for other plants. Sago plants spread widely from coastal areas, mineral swamps, watersheds, medium to highland areas. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the habitat of various sago accessions and their correlation to production. The study used field observation methods and laboratory testing with analysis of moisture content data using the gravimetric method, volume using the sample ring method, specific gravity using the principle of Archimedes' principle, soil texture using the pipette method and soil chemical analysis using laboratory testing. The correlation coefficient used Pearson's correlation analysis to see the relationship between soil quality and sago production with a 95% level of confidence using SPSS 26 software. The hydrological observation method was by measuring the height of the groundwater by digging a minipit and the height of the puddles in the inundated areas. Habitat types for sago plants in Tana Luwu are very diverse, found in coastal land conditions, mineral swamps, watersheds, medium plains up to 1000 meters above sea level. The lowest average production, namely 181.52 kg of tree-1 dry starch, was found in coastal swamp sample locations with an inundation period of 3-6 months with a height of 10-80 cm above ground level during the rainy season and 0-40 cm below ground level during the dry season. The coastal swamp can be categorized as having a rather good hydrological class. Sago accession is spread unevenly in various growing environments.

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Published

2023-07-15

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan

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