Adaptasi Petani Padi Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Kecamatan Telluwanua Kota Palopo

Adaptation of Rice Farmers to Climate Change in Telluwanua Sub-District Palopo City

Authors

  • Hamida Hamida Universitas Andi Djemma Palopo
  • Taruna Safa Arzam Universitas Andi Djemma Palopo
  • Dewi Marwati Nuryanti Universitas Andi Djemma Palopo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v12i3.4361

Keywords:

adaptasi petani, dampak, dan perubahan iklim

Abstract

Padi sawah merupakan salah satu komoditas subsektor tanaman pangan yang paling merasakan dampak adanya perubahan iklim. Dampak negatif perubahan iklim pada padi sawah yaitu menurunnya produksi dan produktivitas karena perubahan luas tanam dan luas panen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  adaptasi petani padi terhadap perubahan iklim serta dampaknya terhadap tanaman padi di Kecamatan Telluwanua. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang petani. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, disajikan dalam bentuk deskriftif kualitatif kemudian dinarasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara umum petani responden memaknai perubahan iklim sebagai perubahan dan pergesaran musim yang tidak teratur. Petani menuturkan jika dulu pergeseran musim hujan dan kemarau sangat jelas. Namun pada saat ini, hal tersebut menjadi tidak jelas. Musim menjadi sulit untuk diprediksi. Selain perubahan musim, setidaknya terdapat empat fenomena perubahan iklim yang terkait erat dengan aktivitas usahatani yang dirasakan oleh petani, yaitu: (a) perubahan suhu, (b) perubahan curah hujan, (c) perubahan debit mata air, dan (d) peningkatan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Adaptasi yang dilakukan petani padi dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim antara lain adaptasi penggunaan varietas padi, menyesuaikan waktu tanam, penggunaan sumur bor dan penggunaan alat pompa.

Lowland rice is one of the commodities in the food crop subsector most affected by climate change. The negative impact of climate change on paddy rice is a decrease in production and productivity due to changes in planting area and harvest area. This study aimed to determine the adaptation of rice farmers to climate change and its impact on rice plants in Telluwanua District. The sample in this study amounted to 100 farmers. Data were analyzed descriptively, presented in qualitative descriptive form, and then narrated. The results showed that in general, respondent farmers interpreted climate change as changes and irregular seasonal shifts. Farmers said that in the past, the shift between the rainy and dry seasons was very clear. But at this time, it became unclear. The season has become difficult to predict. In addition to seasonal changes, there are at least four climate change phenomena that are closely related to farming activities perceived by farmers, namely: (a) changes in temperature, (b) changes in rainfall, (c) changes in spring discharge, and (d) increased attacks of plant pest organisms (OPT). Adaptations made by rice farmers in the face of climate change include adaptations to the use of rice varieties, adjusting planting time, the use of boreholes, and the use of pumping equipment.

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Published

2024-10-15

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan

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