Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan dari Pelapukan Batang Bawah Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
Isolation and Indentification of Fungi from Weathering Sago Rootstock (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/perbal.v13i1.4628Keywords:
Batang sagu, Gliocladium, Penicillium, Pengkajoang, Rhizopus, TrichodermaAbstract
Pelapukan batang bawah sagu merupakan proses alami yang terjadi pada bagian batang sagu yang tidak lagi aktif secara fisiologis. Berbagai mikroorganisme, diantaranya adalah cendawan, bakteri, nematoda dan organisme tanah lainnya, memakan bahan organik dalam proses pelapukan ini. Pentingnya pelapukan batang sagu dalam siklus ekosistem, terutama dalam pengembalian nutrisi ke dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi cendawan yang terdapat pada pelapukan batang bawah sagu serta melakukan identifikasi cendawan yang ditemukan dari hasil pelapukan batang bawah sagu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni - September 2024 di Desa Pengkajoang, Kecamatan Malangke Barat Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan mengambil sampel hasil pelapukan batang bawah sagu pada kedalaman 15 cm. Sampel diambil dari lima titik dengan jumlah 100 gram pada setiap titik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan prosedur yang sama di setiap titik. Sampel kemudian diisolasi menggunakan metode pengenceran berseri, di mana 1 gram sampel dilarutkan dalam 9 ml air steril dan dikocok menggunakan sentrifugasi selama 30 menit hingga tercampur rata. Selanjutnya, 1 ml suspensi diambil dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung reaksi berisi 9 ml aquades steril. Pengenceran berseri dilakukan hingga tercapai pengenceran 104. Sampel dari pengenceran 101, 102, dan 103, sebanyak 0,5 ml suspensi, ditumbuhkan pada media PDA menggunakan metode sebar dan diinkubasi selama 3 hingga 7 hari pada suhu 22-25°C. Identifikasi isolat cendawan dilakukan menggunakan kunci determinasi dari Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi (Barnett & Hunter, 1998). Penelitian ini menemukan empat genus cendawan, yaitu Trichoderma, Penicillium, Gliocladium, dan Rhizopus.
Weathering sago rootstock is a natural process natural occurs in parts of the sago stem that are no longer physiologically active. Various microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and other soil organisms, eat organic material in this weathering process. The importance of weathering sago stems in the ecosystem cycle, especially in returning nutrients to the soil. This research aims to isolate fungi found in weathering sago rootstocks and identify fungi found in the weathering of sago rootstocks. This research was carried out in June - November 2024 in Pengkajoang Village, West Malangke District, North Luwu Regency. This research was carried out by taking samples from the weathering of sago rootstock at a depth of 15 cm. Samples were taken from five points, with 100 grams collected from each point. The sampling procedure was consistent across all points. The samples were then isolated using a serial dilution method, where 1 gram of the sample was dissolved in 9 ml of sterile water and shaken using centrifugation for 30 minutes until homogenized. Subsequently, 1 ml of the suspension was taken and placed into a test tube containing 9 ml of sterile aquades. The serial dilution was carried out until a 104 dilution was achieved. Samples from dilutions 101, 102, and 103, 0.5 ml each, were then cultured on PDA media using the spread plate method and incubated for 3 to 7 days at 22-25°C. Fungal isolates were identified using a determination key from Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi (Barnett & Hunter, 1998). The study identified four fungal genera: Trichoderma, Penicillium, Gliocladium, and Rhizopus.
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