Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Sumber (Resource Based Learning) untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Fiqih Peserta Didik Kelas VIII MTS Mafatihul Akhlaq Demangan Jepara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.8.3.2025.6918Keywords:
Penerapan, Pembelajaran Berbasis Sumber, Resource Based Learning, Pemahaman FiqihAbstract
Pembelajaran Fiqih di madrasah selama ini cenderung menekankan aspek hafalan teks dengan keterlibatan peserta didik yang masih terbatas. Kondisi ini menimbulkan urgensi untuk menghadirkan inovasi pembelajaran yang lebih kontekstual, partisipatif, dan relevan dengan kebutuhan peserta didik di era digital. Salah satu alternatifnya adalah Resource Based Learning (RBL) yang menekankan pemanfaatan berbagai sumber belajar agar peserta didik dapat membangun pemahaman secara mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan RBL dalam meningkatkan pemahaman Fiqih peserta didik kelas VIII MTs Mafatihul Akhlaq Demangan Jepara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Subjek penelitian terdiri atas guru Fiqih, kepala madrasah, dan peserta didik. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan sebagaimana model Miles & Huberman, sedangkan keabsahan data dijamin melalui triangulasi sumber, metode, dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi berbagai sumber belajar seperti buku teks, LKS, video, dan praktik nyata mampu meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual, keterlibatan aktif, serta keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Sebagian besar siswa menyatakan lebih mudah memahami materi melalui media visual dan praktik langsung, meskipun sebagian lainnya tetap mengandalkan LKS sebagai sumber utama. Faktor pendukung berupa kesiapan guru dan dukungan kelembagaan sangat berperan dalam keberhasilan implementasi RBL, sedangkan kendala meliputi keterbatasan manajemen kelas dan akses internet yang tidak stabil. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa penerapan RBL berkontribusi dalam menggeser orientasi pembelajaran Fiqih dari sekadar hafalan menuju pemahaman yang lebih aplikatif, kontekstual, dan relevan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini memperkuat konstruktivisme dalam konteks pendidikan agama Islam. Secara praktis, penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi bagi guru dan lembaga pendidikan untuk merancang pembelajaran yang variatif dan adaptif. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk memperluas cakupan materi, menggunakan pendekatan mixed-methods, serta mengeksplorasi dampak jangka panjang penerapan RBL terhadap praktik keagamaan peserta didik.
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